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We have confirmed that HO suppressed TLR MyD dependent signa
2022-03-03
We have confirmed that HO-2 suppressed TLR4/MyD88-dependent signaling by down-regulating the downstream factors (TNF-α and IL-6) in mouse cerebral vascular endothelial cells [13]. In this study, HO-2 overexpression mouse model was generated and to investigated the role of HO-2 in macrophage inflamma
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Introduction Hedgehog HH signaling regulates development cel
2022-03-03
Introduction Hedgehog (HH) signaling regulates development, cell proliferation, and tissue repair [1], [2], [3]. In mammals, HH signaling is activated by 3 ligands: Sonic hedgehog (SHH), Indian hedgehog (IHH), or Desert hedgehog; SHH is the most widely expressed in adult tissues [3]. The primary re
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2022-03-03
Materials and methods Results Discussion D. abbreviatus larvae are voracious feeders, and the nutrients consumed as part of their diet are broken by gut proteases and utilized for growth and development. Since proteases play an important role in larval and adult food digestion, it is import
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The balance and composition of the gut microflora can be
2022-03-03
The balance and composition of the gut microflora can be altered by the use of antibiotics or by colonization of the intestine by pathogens. This change may also induce, or be induced by, modifications in the body’s immune response, ultimately leading to disease. Thus, when intestinal homeostasis is
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Despite the association with asthma
2022-03-03
Despite the association with asthma, it is not surprising that we did not find a relation between the percent predicted FEV1 and SNPs in GSNOR. FEV1 measured on a routine clinic visit is likely to be normal in most asthmatic children. FEV1 in children reflects a complex mix of factors in the growth
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Lactate LA the end product of
2022-03-03
Lactate (LA), the end product of aerobic glycolysis, has been long neglected and seen as a byproduct until recently the findings for its important role in global gene transcription, cancer progression, functional polarisation of immune DY131 mg and the sustenance of stem cells [[7], [8], [9]]. Lact
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All HFD fed groups in our study having
2022-03-03
All HFD fed groups in our study, having significantly higher levels of EE (heat production) is consistent with previous studies [91], where a significant increase in EE was observed within just one week of HFD feeding [81]. It is hypothesized that this phenomenon is due to the increased body mass an
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The treatment target which aims
2022-03-03
The “90-90-90 treatment target” which aims at diagnosing 90% of HIV-infected individuals, treating 90% of those diagnosed and achieve viral suppression for 90% of treated individuals, is a key strategy to achieve one of the sustainable development goals (SDG) of ending AIDS as a public health threat
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Based on work from our labs with mGlu
2022-03-03
Based on work from our labs with mGlu NAMs, and the ability of [3.3.0] systems, such as the octahydropyrrolo[3,4-]pyrrole, to effectively mimic piperazines, we focused our attention on the potential bioisoteric replacement of the [3.1.0] system of and , as well as the piperidine of , with a [3.3.0]
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First class II fusion proteins are known
2022-03-03
First, class II fusion proteins are known to transition from a (homo- or hetero-) pre-fusion dimer to a post-fusion trimer [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62] through a monomeric intermediate [63], [64], and a crystalline structure of a monomer of Rift Valley fever virus (a phlebovirus, member of the
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poly ic Glutamate activates cationic glutamate gated channel
2022-03-03
Glutamate activates cationic glutamate-gated channels (i.e. ionotropic glutamate receptors) that mediate the fast excitatory actions of glutamate. It also activate G protein-coupled receptors, named metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) (Pin and Bettler, 2016). The eight subtypes of mGluRs are k
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In the present study a significant
2022-03-03
In the present study, a significant increase in liver glut4 mRNA levels as well as an increase in liver glycogen content was observed in the dogfish in response to glucose-loading, although we did not observe any changes in liver glycogen content or glut mRNA levels following insulin administration
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Phylogenetic analysis of the secretin
2022-03-02
Phylogenetic analysis of the secretin-like hormones yields poorly supported trees due to the short length of their peptide sequences (Dores et al., 1996). However, phylogenetic analyses typically show that the secretin-like peptides encoded by the proglucagon (glucagon, GLP-1 and GLP-2) and GIP BIO
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As we showed earlier a to
2022-03-02
As we showed earlier [19], a 20- to 30-min incubation with 2mM t-BHP resulted in erythrocyte swelling, which was less in a Ca2+-containing medium. Given that this effect was abolished in the presence of the Gardos channel inhibitor CLT, as well as in media high in K+, we suggested the contribution f
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2022-03-02
Materials and methods Results Discussion The current study validates a key role for GAL3 receptors in consummatory drive for sucrose, saccharin, and most notably ethanol intake in mice. We show that alcohol preferring mice drink less ethanol compared to wildtype mice when treated with the G
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